std::strtof, std::strtod, std::strtold

Defined in header `<cstdlib>`
float strtof( const char* str, char** str_end );		(since C++11)
double strtod( const char* str, char** str_end );
long double strtold( const char* str, char** str_end );		(since C++11)

Interprets a floating point value in a byte string pointed to by str.

Function discards any whitespace characters (as determined by std::isspace()) until first non-whitespace character is found. Then it takes as many characters as possible to form a valid floating-point representation and converts them to a floating-point value. The valid floating-point value can be one of the following:

decimal floating-point expression. It consists of the following parts:

(optional) plus or minus sign
nonempty sequence of decimal digits optionally containing decimal-point character (as determined by the current C locale) (defines significand)
(optional) e or E followed with optional minus or plus sign and nonempty sequence of decimal digits (defines exponent)

binary floating-point expression. It consists of the following parts:

(optional) plus or minus sign
0x or 0X
nonempty sequence of hexadecimal digits optionally containing a decimal-point character (as determined by the current C locale) (defines significand)
(optional) p or P followed with optional minus or plus sign and nonempty sequence of decimal digits (defines exponent)

infinity expression. It consists of the following parts:

(optional) plus or minus sign
INF or INFINITY ignoring case

not-a-number expression. It consists of the following parts:

(optional) plus or minus sign
NAN or NAN(char_sequence) ignoring case of the NAN part. char_sequence can only contain alphanumeric characters. The result is a quiet NaN floating-point value.

any other expression that may be accepted by the currently installed C locale

The functions sets the pointer pointed to by str_end to point to the character past the last character interpreted. If str_end is NULL, it is ignored.

Parameters

str	-	pointer to the null-terminated byte string to be interpreted
str_end	-	pointer to a pointer to character.

Return value

Floating point value corresponding to the contents of str on success. If the converted value falls out of range of corresponding return type, range error occurs and HUGE_VAL, HUGE_VALF or HUGE_VALL is returned. If no conversion can be performed, 0 is returned and *str_end is set to str.

Example

Run this code

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cstdlib>
 
int main()
{
    const char* p = "111.11 -2.22 0X1.BC70A3D70A3D7P+6  1.18973e+4932zzz";
    char* end;
    std::cout << "Parsing \"" << p << "\":\n";
    for (double f = std::strtod(p, &end); p != end; f = std::strtod(p, &end))
    {
        std::cout << "'" << std::string(p, end-p) << "' -> ";
        p = end;
        if (errno == ERANGE){
            std::cout << "range error, got ";
            errno = 0;
        }
        std::cout << f << '\n';
    }
}

Output:

Parsing "111.11 -2.22 0X1.BC70A3D70A3D7P+6  1.18973e+4932zzz":
'111.11' -> 111.11
' -2.22' -> -2.22
' 0X1.BC70A3D70A3D7P+6' -> 111.11
'  1.18973e+4932' -> range error, got inf

Language
Standard library headers
Concepts
Utilities library
Strings library
Containers library
Algorithms library
Iterators library
Numerics library
Input/output library
Localizations library
Regular expressions library (C++11)
Atomic operations library (C++11)
Thread support library (C++11)
Filesystem library (C++17)
Technical Specifications

Null-terminated strings
Byte strings
Multibyte strings
Wide strings
Classes
basic_string
basic_string_view (C++17)
char_traits

atof	converts a byte string to a floating point value (function)
wcstofwcstodwcstold	converts a wide string to a floating point value (function)
from_chars (C++17)	converts a character sequence to an integer or floating-point value (function)
C documentation for strtof, strtod, strtold

std::strtof, std::strtod, std::strtold

Parameters

Return value

Example

See also